Considering it from the point of view of evolution and ontogenesis, it is necessary to note that the genome of all multicellular organisms can partition in two parts, different in their function. Thus, in the course of ontogenesis multicellularity is not built bas on all elements of, but only part of the genome, which chang in the course of evolution. The other part of the genome remain virtually unchang, constantly ensuring the viability of the cells themselves. These genes are similar to most of the genes in unicellular organisms. Thus, as a prerequisite for the development of the body, the DNA of all its cells contain two functionally independent parts.
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One part of the genome that provides for the internal nes of any cell, or housekeeping genes (HG) (Tagle et al., 1988; Lenhard et al., 2003; Wray et al., 2003; Farré et al., 2007). The other functional part of the cellular genome is the genes, that provide the integrative function, or genes responsible for all specializ structures produc by cells in the course of differentiation and creating the organism as an integrat whole (IntG). As a result, all multicellular organisms contain two causally clos, or autopoietic (Maturana and Varela, 1980) systems, bas on the HG and IntG parts of the genome. It should not here that by HG we mean genes that work exclusively for autonomous intracellular nes, but not relat to integrative functions of the cell specialization.
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From our point of view, multicellular organism is a way of existence of a cell colony, in the course of individual development in which (ontogenesis) an independent system composing a collective cell symbiote, which is necessary for the existence of the colony itself. At the same time, in the course of ontogenesis, the symbiotic part comes parasitic, leading to the exhaustion of resources and aging in the broadest meaning of this concept (Salnikov, 2012). Let us consider how the total TH Lists expression of IntG and HG changes in the cells of the body during its development.