Some studies show that these devices were of very poor acoustic quality (Callaway & Punch, 2008; Chan and McPherson, 2015), whereas other studies conclud that some of these devices have appropriate acoustic characteristics for people with hearing loss (Re et al., 2017). These results highlight the importance of quality of acoustic output in device selection. It is noteworthy that some of these studies point to the fact that higher pric devices generally have tter acoustic quality (Almufarrij et al., 2019). It is also important to note that most of the evaluat devices are not currently offer as FDA-regulat OTC devices. Second, a few large-scale consumer surveys on DTC hearing aid users in the Unit States (Kochkin, 2010) and Japan (EHIMA, 2022) show that the nefit and satisfaction report by users of devices such as PSAPs and direct-mail hearing.
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The reason for this can attribut to the poor quality of DTC devices available a decade ago, as well as users may not have met one of the five pre-requisites discuss above. Finally, the third group of studies includ clinical trials focus on the outcomes of DTC hearing devices (Maidment et al., 2018; Tran & Manchaiah, 2018; Chen et al., 2022). These studies generally Cuba Email List show positive outcomes in self-report hearing aid nefit and satisfaction measures [e.g., Abbreviat Profile of Hearing Aid nefit (APHAB)] as well as in havioral measures (e.g., speech in quiet, speech in noise). However, the main criticism of these studies is that they generally us single-group pretest-posttest study designs without a control group.
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Participants from all three groups us prescription hearing aids, although the self-fit group us a device with pre-set programs and the placebo group us a device with no functional gain. The study results show that the self-fit group present with only slightly poorer outcomes in self-report and havioral measures when compar to an audiologist-fitt group demonstrating the efficacy of the OTC service delivery model. In a follow-up study, Humes et al. (2019) further examin the consumer decides self-fit model with less front-end screening in a double-blind clinical trial (n = 40). Participants were ask to choose one of the pre-program hearing aids (like a pre-set OTC hearing aid) one of which includ a placebo device with functional gain. The outcomes of the two groups with pre-programm hearing aids with gain were comparable and were superior to TH Lists the placebo group.
