Is central in adapting to the environment and in turn impacts. Longevity (Kayser et al., 2004; Lapointe and Hekimi, 2008; Copeland et al., 2009; Yang and Hekimi, 2010). This is an idea captur in the “Hormesis theory of aging” (Ristow and Schmeisser, 2014; Yun and Finkel, 2014). Clearly, the term […]
Person Email List
Considering it from the point of view of evolution and ontogenesis, it is necessary to note that the genome of all multicellular organisms can partition in two parts, different in their function. Thus, in the course of ontogenesis multicellularity is not built bas on all elements of, but only part […]
There are two main scientific hypotheses of the understanding of the essence and causes of the aging of multicellular organisms (metazoans)—“initial imperfection” and the existence of an “aging program.” Research in these areas is ongoing. All attempts to explain the phenomenon of aging bas on the postulate of “deterioration” as […]
It is likely that research linking aging to metabolism and rox regulation will feature prominently in the next decade. The grand challenge is then to understand the networks linking metabolism. A biology to cell aging and organismal aging and to target specific metabolic and rox networks. For the promotion of […]
elegans (lenky et al., 2007; Williams et al., 2009; wards et al., 2013; Chin et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2016). Supplementation of alpha-ketoglutarate also decreases inflammation and frailty in mice, even when start at 18 months of age (Asadi Shahmirzadi et al., 2020). Not surprisingly, not all TCA cycle […]
The blood and lymph circulate through the body and transport hormones, nutrients, cytokines, myokines, cell-free mitochondrial DNA, and other cellular metabolic products to other parts of the body (Barron and Pike, 2012; Coelho et al., 2019; Cunnane et al., 2020; Iske et al., 2020). Aging associat accumulation of the propionate […]
OGA activity can determin using a fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumlliferyl-N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminide (4MU-GlcNAc) (Sigma M9659). 4-Methylumlliferyl (4MU) has excitation and emission wavelengths of 360 and 450 nm, respectively. When conjugat to GlcNAc (4MU-GlcNAc), fluorescence is quench. After removal of GlcNAc by OGA, 4MU fluorescence can quantifi and the results can correct for the […]
Measurement of OGT and OGA Activity OGT and OGA are the key enzymes for the addition and removal of O-GlcNAc modifications; thus, their levels and activity are important for sensing nutrient availability and metabolic, proteotoxic, and oxidative stress. These enzymes then modulate O-GlcNAcylation of target proteins to control the activities […]
A less bias approach using chemoenzymatic tagging coupl with click chemistry has en develop for the investigation of protein O-GlcNAcylation (Thompson et al., 2018). Mass spectrometry-bas strategies (Alfaro et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2017; and Thompson et al., 2018) are now increasingly ing adopt to […]
The importance of O-GlcNAcylation in maintaining normal cell function in mammalian organisms has en demonstrat by the three lines of evidence. 1. Mechanistically, protein O-GlcNAcylation, primarily regulat by OGT and OGA levels and activities, can regulate gene transcription and proteasomal activities, as well as autophagy (Wells et al., 2001; Zhang […]
O-GlcNAcylation is controll by the availability of its substrate UDP-GlcNAc and precursors, as well as the activities of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which adds O-GlcNAc to proteins, and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which removes O-GlcNAc from modifi proteins (Hardiville and Hart, 2014; Bond and Hanover, 2015; and Wani et al., 2017a). It is […]
O-GlcNAcylation is a protein posttranslational modification that results in the addition of O-GlcNAc to Ser/Thr residues. Since its discovery in the 1980s, it has en shown to play an important role in a broad range of cellular functions by modifying nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial proteins. The addition of O-GlcNAc is […]